PROSTATE CANCER TREATMENTS

What is prostate cancer?

A cancerous growth in the small gland in the male reproductive system called ‘prostate’, causing enlargement of gland, thereby blocking the urinary outlet completely is known as prostate cancer. The cancer can be localized or may spread to other parts of the body. It is effectively treated by the cancer treatment centers.

What are the symptoms of prostate cancer?

•          Leakage of urine
•          Delayed urination
•          Painful and frequent urination.
•          Inability to empty the bladder completely.
•          Blood in semen or urine.
•          Low back ache.

Causes of prostate cancer

There are some factors due to which an individual may be at a higher risk of developing cancer. They are:

•          Hereditary
•          Drinking large quantities of alcohol.
•          Low vitamin D synthesis in the body.
•          Obesity
•          Toxins and chemicals in the environment.

Diagnosis for prostate cancer

Following tests at the cancer treatment centers confirm the diagnosis

•          PSA Test

Or prostate specific antigen test which measures high levels of PSA in blood during prostate cancer. This may not be a sure diagnosis as it is found high in non-cancerous conditions like benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), any infection or inflammation.

·         Digital rectal examination

The doctor inserts a finger using a lubricated glove and checks for any lumps or abnormality.

•          Biopsy

The pathologist removes a thin lining of cells and checks under the microscope for cancerous growth. After this Gleason score is obtained ranging between 2-10, lower the score, less likely is the growth to spread.

·         Trans rectal ultrasound

Any abnormal growth is visualized on a monitor by inserting a probe through the rectum.

•          MRI

Useful in locating the place and exact size of the cancerous growth with help of magnetic fields.

Management of Prostate Cancer

A skilled team of experts offer you the latest and advanced treatments at the cancer treatment centers. A choice of treatment can be given to you but you must  consider  long term life expectancy and chances and chances of survival.

•          Surgery

Radical prostectemy – The prostate, surrounding tissues and seminal vesicles are removed.

Pelvic lymphadenopathy – The lymph nodes are removed if the cancer has spread.

•          Radiation therapy

An external or internal beam of radiation is given to stop the growth.

•          Hormone therapy

The actions of male hormones are blocked or stopped to retard the growth of cancerous cells.

•          Chemotherapy

Various drugs are given to stop the cells from dividing or to kill them.

•          Biological therapy

Substances are given to the patient to boost his natural immunity system.

Are there any side effects?

The side effects are:

•          Impotence
•          Inguinal hernia
•          Urine leakage.