What is Colorectal Cancer?

The cancer of the colon is referred as colorectal cancer. This is either beginning in the rectum or colon. It is also certain that the cancer begins in the gastro intestinal tract or the GI tract. The rectum excretes wastes from the body after a complete process of digestion. In case of cancer, the tissues lining the colon or the rectum are malignant. This may also spread to other organs depending on how deep the tissues are placed. Cancer is also detected after several years. Adenoma is a type of polyp, which is developed in the colon. Timely screening of cancer based on the symptoms is advantageous in commencing a treatment. Cancer is normally referred as the growth of cells in a sporadic manner. Growing as a tumor or polyp the cancer of the bowel is also known as colorectal cancer.

Symptoms of the cancer

Approaching a cancer treatment center one can understand the stage of cancer and get treated via various methods. The symptoms as well as other studies like biopsy or PET scan may conclude the type or stage of cancer.

Generally affecting people above 50 years of age, the symptoms are listed as below

•     Blood in stools
•     Severe cramps or aches in the colon area
•     Pain while passing stools
•     Noticing severe fatigue or weariness of the unexplained nature
•     Change in habits pertaining to the bowel

Bowel cancer is also seen in younger generation and it is noted that men are more affected than women are in this case.

What are Some New Choices In Breast Cancer Surgery And Reconstruction?

If you are interested in immediate reconstruction- discuss it before with your surgeon.

Here are some suggestions for certain questions to ask your plastic surgeon.

•     Would you advise me to have breast reconstruction at the same time as the cancer treatment surgery? If so, please explain why.
•     Which method would be best for me? Do I have a choice?
•     What are the advantages and the risks involved with each method?
•     Will I have scars after the surgery?
•     Which complications are most common?
•     Can I have nipple reconstruction too?

Well, when to have the reconstruction done and which procedure must be followed; can only be worked upon considering the following things into account.

•     The type and the stage of your breast cancer.

•     The cancer treatment you are undertaking.

•     Your choices and preferences.

All about an orthopedic hand surgeon

You brush your teeth with them, you eat with them and you do a lot of other things with them and yet, you never acknowledge them. For the most part of our lives we are highly dependent on our hands and unless it is injured, we do not realize their importance in our lives. It is important to take care of your hands and keep them in excellent health. Hence, if you suffer from a deep hand injury or are going through difficulties with moving your hands or have been suffering from pain for a really long time then you quickly ought to visit an orthopedic hand surgeon.

A visit to an orthopedic hand surgeon

This visit is virtually going to cost you nothing but it will dissolve all your doubts pertaining to your hand and you will be able to heave a sigh of relief. Even if the doctor tells you that you require a surgery then you do not have to worry so much, the doctor is on your side and will make you feel completely comfortable with the procedure. Hence, do not fret.

ACL SURGERY AND PHYSICAL THERAPY

Sports persons who have knee injuries while playing a sport most often require ACL surgeries. After a successful ACL surgery, the rehabilitation process is done via physical therapy. Persons who are graduates of accredited physical therapy programs and have the necessary skills and expertise are known as professional physical therapists. They assist persons with diverse needs and backgrounds by thorough examination, evaluation and treatment with various equipments and interventions to lead a better and healthier life.

ACL surgeries are estimated to be on the rise recently. An injury or accident caused near the knee joint, which tears off the anterior cruciate ligament results in an ACL surgery. During this surgery, the ACL is surgically grafted following an ACL injury. Though some doctors might advise the use of braces after a surgery, its usefulness is not proven. However, a regular, timely and proper course of physical therapy taken under the guidance of an expert physical therapist largely helps in the recovery and healing of the knee. Every patient undergoing ACL reconstruction surgery is advised to compulsorily take a course of postoperative physical therapy for faster and better results.

Discover Three Common Reasons for Back Muscle Spasms

An excruciating pain originating in your back region and radiating towards the periphery could be a warning signal of back spasms. A painful condition seen in people of all sections of the society, back spasms occur when there is an unwanted contraction of muscles in the region, preventing the person from using the affected muscles until they relax by themselves.

Reasons for Back Muscle Spasms

Injury, inadequate fluid intake, nervous damage, incorrect posture or disc displacements are some of the numerous reasons that could cause an incidence of muscle spasm in your body. Read on to discover how and why these medical conditions could force your body’s muscles to act in an inappropriate manner leading to spasms or strains.

What are the different Side Effects of Chemotherapy

Cancer is due to the excessive and uncontrolled growth of cells. Most times they evade the space of organs or tissues and hence there is potential danger to life. The growth is not stopped naturally and treatment is suggested with chemotherapy. After removing a cancerous tissue from the body, chemotherapy is suggested as a means for effective therapy. A single drug or combination of drugs is suggested by cancer specialists at cancer center, depending on the reports, observation and view point of an oncologist. Cells that are multiplying have to be stopped and hence chemotherapy is administered orally or through the intravenous procedure. Essentially, chemo therapy has side effects which can be tolerated with proper counseling, life style changes and a positive attitude.

The procedure of chemotherapy has some side effects

After administering chemotherapy, through intravenous procedure or oral procedure, an oncologist will supervise the case and suggest the sessions. The drugs used for thwarting the cancer cells are effective but it comes with side effects which can be treated with a few changes. The cell growth is stopped by also cutting the supply of blood to the part. Lowering the cell growth is also looked into as part of the treatment. Oncology is a vast study on cancer and triggering cell suicide or apoptosis is suggested. The side effects are mentioned here below.

What are Clinical Trials and its Phases

As a cancer patient, you may keep looking for new treatment options and drugs that are more effective. In order to formulate such drugs and treatments, researchers undertake extensive research and keep testing the new formulations until they are able to find the best cure. The new drugs are first researched under controlled lab condition, then they are tested upon animals and lastly on humans. Clinical trials are the last and most important step as the effectiveness and side effects of the drug are tested at this stage.

Phases of Clinical Trials

Clinical trial takes place in phases over a span of several years. Controlled groups are studied at every stage to determine the effectiveness of the drug. Cancer center lists the following phases of a typical cancer clinical trial;

• Phase I: The earliest stage of a trial, phase I recruits less people for study. The trial is usually open to all type of cancer patients. Only 20-30 people are required at this stage. This phase is required to determine the safe dosage, the side effects and how the body reacts and copes with the drug. It also studies what the drug/ treatment does to the tumor.

Advanced Medical Techniques Help Sports Injuries to Heal Faster

Injury is a part of a sports person’s life. Several joints like ankles, knee, elbow and shoulder are prone to injuries, which can upset the careers of many deserving sports people. Earlier the medical help was very limited and it involved a simple first aid technique or a basic injection to treat their pain. Bed rest too was a routine advice to treat pain. But now there is a lot of improvement with new age technology, diagnosis and method. The approach towards sports related injuries is a dedicated one and it includes the efforts of many doctors who are now providing specialized treatment and looking into ways of minimal rehab phase so that they can perform well. The efforts of sports doctors and their method is also getting popular

The need for a dedicated medical system for sports persons

Earlier a simple painkiller or an ice pack was the most common method to treat an injury. But with advancement there are better systems now available for people to get back on the track soon. Previously, the sports person went about with their injuries with minimal techniques, support, and would continue their sports activity. This caused more stress to the key joints like knee, wrist and shoulder. The trauma also affected the functioning and hence this hampered the performance. Many times, it cost them their career.

Avoiding Back Complications After Surgery with Robotic Help

The technical expertise used in spine surgery brings more precision. With the help of research, specialized acumen and computerization, surgeries are now attaining more accuracy and patients are experiencing speedy recovery. It is quite common for a patient to have presumptions about a surgery. Though a marginal amount of people report ineffectiveness after a surgery this can surely be one major reason for people to avoid an operation. Sometimes it is about luck or some fault, which can cause more traumas. To avoid the same, technical help is desired and now Robots are being looked upon for treating spinal problems. This also brings more support to the team of orthopedic surgeons.


Spine Assist – A robotic assistance for surgeries

It is now getting common for doctors to conduct surgeries with very little invasion. Prof Moshe Shoham was a pioneer to bring the virtues of robotic assistance in spinal surgeries with the Spine Assist system. The Technion institute has to be lauded for this major innovation. Orthopedicians are now more confident while conducting the surgeries as there is a lot of precision here. The entire procedure is done based on the customized anatomy of the patient. There is now more demand for this type of surgery. At the Haifa Technion Israel institute of Technology, this innovation is appreciated. The marketing and popularity is also due to Mazor Robotics.

Alternative knee treatment with stem cell therapy

Stem cell therapy

New advancement in medical science which has brought a ray of hope in lives of many patients is stem cell therapy. Nowadays apart from being a part of most treatments, stem cells are now being used as an efficient alternative to knee replacement surgery. Patients who are too apprehensive of surgical procedures are now willingly opting for stem cell treatment.

Stem cells are mesenchymal cells of one’s body which when implanted or infused into the affected joint or area produce many changes and give rise to proliferation of more and more active cells.

When can I take a stem cell treatment?

Before taking up the treatment you must consult your orthopedic specialist about the procedure and consequences. You may be advised a stem cell therapy if you have recently suffered a knee injury, knees are painful, tendon or ligament strain, mild joint deformity or suffering from osteoarthritis which damages the cartilage and restricts everyday chores.

Chiropractic treatment for neck care

What is chiropractic therapy?

Our neck is subjected to most problems due to the lifestyle followed in this modern era which entails long working hours, stressful driving and hunching at the work stations. Hence, quite a lot of people experience various problems seek chiropractic treatment for neck care.

Chiropractic therapy is recently evolved alternative treatment which deals with balance between spine and nervous system without the intervention of surgery. The chiropractic uses only hands to make many therapeutic adjustments in the body like mobilization, manipulations, shiatsu, massage or acupressure etc to relieve the patient from any discomfort, pain and muscular spasms.

Which neck conditions treated with chiropractic approach?

•     Cervical sprain
•     Facet joint syndrome
•     Whiplash injuries
•     Degenerative joint problems
•     Cervical disc injuries that do not need a surgery.
•     Pinched nerves
•     Ligament strains
•     Repetitive stress injuries causing discomfort again and again.
•     Headaches

Urinary incontinence in males

A brief about incontinence

Incontinence is a common problem occurring in males over 45-50 years of age. The patient loses normal control over urine passage and keeps voiding urine in small amounts in frequent intervals. Incontinence could be of any type depending upon the root cause and can result as overflow, urge, stress and functional incontinence.

 What are the pre disposing factors for incontinence?

•          Loss of bladder control due to spinal cord injuries.
•          Prostate gland enlargement.
•          Extensive infections of urinary tract.
•          Ageing problems causing brain disorders and mental confusions.
•          Neurological disorders like multiple sclerosis, Parkinsonism etc.
•          Tumors of brain and spinal cord.
•          Excess intoxication of alcohol.
•          Intake of certain medications which relax the bladder sphincter and cause urine loss.

Effective ayurvedic treatments for painful diabetic neuropathy

What produces pain in diabetic patients?

Diabetes being a common problem in both men and women is known to cause quite a few complications. One of them is painful diabetic neuropathy, which is mainly a disorder of nerves. As nerves are not healed under the presence of excessive glucose and toxins, they are not able to transmit impulses from one to another from the level of spinal cord and brain. As a result, pain, tingling and burning is felt in hands, feet or legs. Ayurveda puts the fire element of the body in place which is the prime reason for neuropathy.

Ayurvedic diagnostic methods

a)      Patient’s history:

Physical making, attitude, age, sex, family history and current medical problems including history of previous surgery are noted at the first attempt. This is the first step to detailed diagnosis to comprehend imbalance of functional elements.

b)      Pulse rate:

 Disturbed elements of the body like water, fire or air are checked as the doctors notes the pulse rate which could be feeble, fast or normal.

Body builders now taking electrical muscle stimulations

Importance of our musculature

One of the most important tissues of the body is our muscles which are structured in a way to provide maximum benefits to the body. These are the connecting tissues between two consecutive bones which form a joint and are responsible for plenty of activities. 

For an activity to take place like bending of knee joint, the muscle receptors send a signal to brain which sends the motor signal to the muscle to contract efficiently. The muscle start constricting just like a wave rolling and a planned coordinated activity takes place. 

There are slow twitch red fibers and fast twitch white fibers in the muscle. The red fibers contract first, conserve energy and get exhausted soon. The white fibers are strong and manage the excess load and thus act more as reserve. Hence, it is actually impossible to activate all muscle fibers simultaneously.

Use of electrical muscle stimulators for body building

What is the normal functioning of our muscles?

As soon as we plan an activity, a stimulus is sent to the brain and brain sends an impulse to contract the muscle fiber.  As the muscle contracts, a wave rolls through it and a co ordinate forceful movement takes place.

Single group of muscle fibers get easily exhausted, hence body has adopted strategies to provide a longer endurance. The energy efficient ‘red’ or slow twitch fibers are used first during a voluntary contraction, but they are not very powerful. After this, strong ‘white’ or fast twitch fibers take over to handle the overload. There are some white fibers are left by the muscle to act as reserve to meet more demands hence, it is relatively impossible to willingly contract all fibers simultaneously.

Alternatives to total hip replacement surgery for young people

Hip surgery

Hip joint being one of the most mobile and weight bearing joints of the body, is subjected to many internal disturbances. Hip problems once belonged to only older generations but lately many surgeons are being consulted by younger individuals about general hip problems they encounter in their day to day life.

Hip surgery is a simple solution for relieving the hip joint of pain and aligning it in such a way that the ball and socket part of the joint does not get fractioned and it is aligned in a well manner. Taking up a hip replacement is a challenge for the patient and the doctor due to its after effects. Hence most people these days opt for hip replacement alternatives. 

Common ailments requiring a surgery

•          Hip injuries
•          Early osteoarthritis
•          Avascular necrosis
•          Rheumatoid arthritis
•          Osteonecrosis
•          Hip bursitis
•          Complicated hip fractures e.g. fracture of neck of femur.

Does shoulder replacement surgery offer any benefits?

A brief about shoulder replacement surgery

The shoulder joint is a ball and socket type of joint, highly flexible and has a good range of motion. With advancing age shoulder is most prone to wear and tear and shows complex anatomical changes like roughened edges, decrease in joint space, loss of flexibility and pain. This becomes an important reason to seek relief by getting an artificial prosthesis fixed or resorting to other alternatives to shoulder replacement surgery.

How is shoulder resurfacing done?

Shoulder resurfacing aims at restoration of natural tissue of the joint since it involves resection of the damaged part only instead of the entire joint. This does not only give higher results in bringing back all the shoulder functions but also imparts pain relief and thus becomes one of the tried and tested procedure to be done by many physicians. 

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT FOR INFECTIONS OF SPINE

What are spinal infections?

Our spinal cord is the most vulnerable organ and is naturally covered by dural sac and vertebral bones so that it is protected by external forces. Spinal infections though rare, they can be extremely destructive in nature at times and can lead to a number of instabilities and neurological disturbances in the body.

A spinal infection can develop as inflammation to the disc, an abscess formation within the spinal canal or a much intense form as osteomyelitis which is infection in the vertebral bodies. Infections are largely bacterial or fungal, and tuberculous. 

Surgical treatment for spinal infections

Spinal infections – what are they?

Spinal cord in the human body is one of the most susceptible organs at risk for injuries and traumas. It can get damage easily; hence naturally it is covered by a protective sheath called dural sac and vertebrae which provide stability to spine.

Spinal cord infection may manifest itself as discitis or disc inflammation, a pus filled abscess adjacent to spinal cord or as osteomyelitis which is a severe infection of vertebral bodies. Spinal infections are bacterial, fungal or tuberculous in nature and can be devastating resulting in many internal instabilities and neurological problems.

Spinal stenosis – Various locations and clinical symptoms

What makes stenosis to occur?

Spinal stenosis is a serious condition responsible for many pathological disturbances, blood circulatory defects and neurological deficits. Within the spinal canal or anywhere between the peripheral nervous system, the hindrance to normal functioning is largely caused by an infected cavity, a tumor growth, prolapsed disc, and fracture in the vertebral body or dislocation of the vertebra like in spondylolisthesis.

How does spinal structuring contribute to severity of stenosis?

The making of our spine is such that it protects all its vital components out of which spinal cord is of most importance.

Shoulder bursitis and its therapeutic management

What is bursitis or impingement syndrome?

To understand the mechanism of impingement it is important to know a bit of shoulder anatomy. There are four small muscles which collectively form a band or cuff around the shoulder joint to give it more stability. The bones and ligaments supporting the shoulder form an arch over this band or ‘rotator cuff’ within the joint cavity. In between the arch and the rotator cuff there is a fluid filled sac called as subacromial bursa which is naturally designed to prevent friction. 

Repeated shoulder movements and overhead abduction leads to inflammation and irritation of this bursa and patient experiences peculiar kind of pain as he moves shoulder beyond 90 degrees.

Shoulder impingement syndrome

Brief about impingement syndrome

Impingement at the shoulder or more commonly known as bursitis is the inflammation of subacromial bursa which is a natural fluid filled cavity present to prevent friction. Anatomically, there are four muscles which encircle the shoulder to form a cuff so that shoulder’s stability is enhanced. Ligaments and bones of shoulder arch over this cuff. The shoulder bursa is present between this arch and the cuff.

Inflammation in this fluid sac occurs mainly when there are excessive shoulder movements and overhead abduction of the arm. 

Living with cancer in a healthier manner

How does a tumor grow?

A tumor is rapid multiplication of cells in an abnormal way in any part of the body forming a dense mass or a lump. These cells can be restricted to a particular body part while constantly damaging it and is known as benign tumor.

But when it becomes more extensive in nature and starts expanding to other vital organs to disturb their functioning it is termed as malignant tumor or cancer. Cancer is common worldwide and is known to affect both men and women equally.

BREAST CANCER STAGING AND DETERMINATION OF BREAST CANCER

What is breast cancer?

A collection of cancer cells within the breast tissue which is most likely to get malignant with time i.e. the tumor cells may spread across the entire breast or to other parts of the body, is commonly called as breast cancer. 

Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer among women. It differs in the location and size of the tumor growth, while there are also mixed types of tumor observed. The rate of cure largely depends upon non malignancy and early breast cancer diagnosis.

Recent advancements in sports injuries management

Introduction to sports injuries

There are athletes for various kinds of sports at all ages and playing at all levels and thus a growing demand for professional coaches and other health care professionals on whom the sports persons can rely upon. Over training, overdoing or not having proper knowledge to handle your own body during sports can result in sports injuries. Sports injuries can also be caused due to any fall, sudden twisting or hit by a fellow player. Hence it is important to train the athlete in such a way that his body is well prepared to tackle stress during the sports event.

What can be the common sports injuries?

Common injuries are ligament and tendon sprains, fractures including simple or complex fractures like vertebrae, knee injuries, compartment syndrome, Achilles tendon injuries and shoulder dislocations.

New management advancements for sports injuries

What are sports injuries?

In simpler terms, sports injuries are the ones likely to occur during a sports event, practice or warm up sessions. Sports are played by athletes of all ages; hence it is vital for any health professional or a sports coach to be aware of the person’s capacity and about training the individual in a balanced way to meet his sports needs. 

The body of sportsperson should be conditioned prior to participate in an activity and he must know to protect its own body during the event.

Common sports injuries

•          Sprains- Muscular, Ligamentous and tendinus.
•          Simple and complicated fractures.
•          Meniscal injuries.
•          Knee internal degeneration.
•          Achilles tendon stretch injuries.
•          Shoulder dislocations.

Know Your Teeth – Cosmetic Dentistry

Dentistry is no longer just a case of extracting and filling teeth, as it had been until the recent past. Today, the face of dentistry has changed. An increasing number of people are turning to cosmetic dentistry as a way of improving how they look, much as they would use a new hairstyle. New Jersey cosmetic dental experts offer solutions for a range of dental problems. The common procedures include tooth whitening, implants, tooth-colored fillings, bridges, crowns, and veneers. Cosmetic treatments can be used to repair, reshape, lighten and straighten teeth.  

Cosmetic Treatment Options

Veneers: Veneers are an ideal way of treating teeth that are unsightly or discolored, repairing cracks or chips or closing gaps between front teeth. Dental veneers are thin slices of strong and durable material, usually porcelain, that are made to precisely fit over the visible surface of your front teeth. Veneers can improve the position, shape, and color of your teeth. Your NJ cosmetic dentist will help you choose a precise shade of porcelain that closely matches the color of your teeth.

Orthodontic Treatment: Orthodontic treatment involves the positioning or straightening of teeth to improve its appearance and the way they function. Orthodontics can also help you look after the long-term health of gums, teeth, and oral joints by distributing the biting pressure over all your teeth. For individuals with crooked or crowded teeth, orthodontic treatment can move the teeth in position or straighten them into a better position. 

Achieve a Perfect Smile through Cosmetic Dentistry

Cosmetic dentistry is simply this – taking steps to help you achieve a perfect smile. Your smile can mean a lot in everyday life and dramatically affect the way you feel about yourself. If you have discolored or crooked teeth, you might be afraid to smile, making it difficult for you to comfortably take part in social situations. New Jersey cosmetic dental specialists can give a new lease of life to damaged teeth and help you achieve a beautiful smile you can be proud of. 

How Important Is Your Smile?

A smile can tell a lot about an individual. Smiles can show confidence, happiness, and health or embarrassment and sadness when you try to hide your teeth. Those with exuberant, healthy smiles tend to be more successful in their careers. A smile is not only about your teeth – it is more about the way you feel about your teeth. If you are not confident about the way you smile, it can affect your opportunities and relationships. Talking to your nj cosmetic dentist will help you understand the different options available to enhance your smile. 

Are You A Good Candidate For Cosmetic Dentistry?

There are different cosmetic procedures available to address different dental esthetic problems. Which type of treatment is best for you is best decided by your dentist who will assess your oral condition and also take into consideration what results you want. Your desires and the condition of your teeth (tooth spacing, wear and tear, presence of gum disease, decay etc.) will help determine which route you should take. Cosmetic dentistry focuses on giving a healthy smile, and hence it starts with routine-check up and cleaning. You can request your dentist for a cosmetic dentistry consultation.Dentists know that cosmetic dentistry can enhance smiles, but they want to discuss your options when you are ready. Helping patients get the smile they deserve is the number one priority of dentists, and this is precisely what they love about their job too. 

Weighing your Options: Dental Implants Vs Bridges

The argument regarding whether one should get a dental implant or bridges is always present. In order to make the right decision, it is important to first understand both these procedures in detail. There are many misconceptions surrounding these procedures, thus one must first acquaint themselves with the help of your dentist and thus make the right choice.

While bridges are affordable, dental implants are more precise and long lasting, thus depending upon personal needs, the choice differs. Our dental implant specialist team in Long Island New York helps understand then in detail.

Bridgework: Procedure

A bridge is formulated by reducing the teeth besides the empty spaces and then placing a crown. This crown is supported by the adjoining teeth, thus forming a bridge. The crown is not fused in the jaw bone, but is instead just placed in the empty space. It is a good restorative procedure for those who have more than one missing teeth. The materials used for the teeth consist of porcelain and gold. Bridges may be removable or fixed or in many cases also partially removable.

Advantages of Bridgework:

•          It’s a cheaper alternative
•          It is not a lengthy process
•          Gives a good natural appearance

Disadvantages of Bridgework:

•          It is not long lasting
•          Tends to decay when the adjoining teeth are faced with tooth problems, thus requiring replacement
•          Proper hygiene must be maintained
•          The healthy teeth besides the bridge come under trauma and pressure due to the crown and bridge placed, thus causing a root fracture
•          As replacement is required in bridge, the surrounding teeth become weak.

Bridging the Gap: Dental Implants vs Bridges

When someone is missing a tooth, or a set of teeth, restoration of that gap is done either by undergoing a dental implant or by having a bridge made. Both these procedures are highly successful and help in the restoration of the aesthetics of the mouth. They look as well as feel just like original teeth and it is virtually impossible to tell them apart. Thanks to the emerging technology in dentistry, one can now have a perfect smile.

Even though both these procedure are successful, there is a difference in them which needs to be understood. Our dental implant experts in  Long Island New York gives a lowdown on these procedures in detail.

What are Dental Implants?

A dental implant essentially replaces a missing tooth by means of placing an abutment onto the gum which is fused to the jawbone with the help of a titanium screw. A crown is placed over this abutment which resembles a normal tooth, thus making it look real. Once the crew is affixed within the jaw bone, 6 months of healing time is required. After that the crown is placed thus completing the procedure. It is imperative to take utmost care of the dental implant by daily brushing and flossing.

Causes of urinary incontinence in women

What is incontinence?

Incontinence can be described as unexpected and unintentional voiding of urine which is not controlled by the patient himself. It can be a distressing and embarrassing problem affecting quality of life and is more common in females. The urine may pass after sudden coughing, just before passing large amount of urine or while sexual activity and to females it comes inevitably with increasing age. 

What are the causes?

The root cause of incontinence is the imbalance between the bladder muscle function and closure of the bladder opening. This can result due to certain reasons like:

•          Excessive drinking of water.
•          Polyuria or excess urine production like in diabetes and some kidney disorders which increase urgency and frequency.
•          Caffeine and cola beverages are bladder stimulants.
•          Damage to the nerve supplying bladder muscle as in spinal cord injury, spina bifida and stroke, also leads to improper functioning of bladder.

Bladder incontinence among women

Urinary incontinence

A sudden and involuntary loss of urine is commonly termed as incontinence. This is more prevalent among females and can often be a depressing situation which affects their quality of life. Being unavoidable with advancing age, the passage of urine may take place with sudden coughing, full bladder or in between sexual intercourse.

What are the causes?

The incontinence is found to be the outcome of basic in coordination between bladder muscle, detrusor and contraction of bladder opening. This results when the bladder is stimulated as in excessive caffeine, tobacco or cola intake, or when the nerve supplying bladder is damaged like in spinal cord injury or stroke patients. In addition to this, drinking huge amounts of water or production of excess urine in diabetic and renal disorder patients, there is a much more increase in urgency and frequency to void.

Classification of incontinence

The type of incontinence is directly related to the bladder incontinence treatment one must undergo. The incontinence is broadly classified into following:

•          Urge incontinence – occurs when there are hampered nerve signals leading to sudden bladder contraction making the patient feel a sudden urge to urinate.

•          Stress incontinence – Occurs during stressful physical activities like laughing, coughing or sneezing.

•          Overactive bladder – Bladder contractions are too much and there is an increased urge to void during night also.

•          Overflow incontinence – Occurs when stones in the bladder block the opening or there is a nerve disorder resulting in leaking of urine for long time.

•          Transient – It occurs temporarily when patient is on medications like diuretics or in cases of urinary tract infections.

•          Functional incontinence – Time taken to overcome too many hurdles, slowness in gait like in Parkinson’s, wheelchair bound patients mostly spill the urine while reaching the toilet seat.

•          Mixed – A combination of stress and urge incontinence.

How many types of diabetic neuropathy should you be aware of?

Diabetic neuropathy is a term coined for any and all kinds of nerve disorders that are seen to be an important complication of chronically uncontrolled diabetes of long standing. Diabetes as such affects the patient’s quality of life adversely and diabetes with neuropathy is only further debilitating.

The various types of diabetic neuropathy may be grouped on various bases as follows:

On the basis of the type of nerves affected:

Sensory - these nerves carry sensory information and perception from the peripheral parts of the body like the skin, to the central nervous system, the brain and the spinal cord. They include senses like that of temperature, touch, pain etc. It is a painful kind of diabetic neuropathy.

Sensory nerve damage symptoms thus include:

●     a “pins and needle sensation” i.e. a sharp tingling, prickling or burning sensation of the skin

●     numbness and reduced/ lost sensitivity to touch and temperature

●     sharp pain in affected areas

●     an enhanced sensitivity to touch

●     a loss of coordination and balance

Due to the lack of a continuously functioning sensory feedback mechanism, these patients are at a higher risk of developing calluses, injuries, ulcers, and infections from them.

Motor - these nerves carry the motor/ mechanical activity messages from the brain and the central nervous system to the body’s periphery, the musculature and the skeleton. Thus, motor nerve damage leads to

●     muscle weakness

●     loss of reflexes

●     deformities

●     contractures.

It is rarely found to be an isolated nerve damage as a result of diabetic neuropathy, and usually occurs as a sensorimotor polyneuropathy.

How electric muscle stimulators help those who cannot go to the gym

When a person is unable to exercise and achieve muscle strength and tone in the normal manner, electrical stimulator can be a great option.

In a normal routine exercise, contraction occurs when the impulse is received from the brain to the spinal cord to the nerve ending. The muscle contraction and relaxation helps in achieving mobility and motility. The muscle contraction is really a process that shortens or provides tension to the muscle. It is the muscle contraction that helps us move, maintain our posture and body heat.

The Electrical stimulator or NMES bypasses the brain–spinal cord pathway and directly acts on the muscle. The stimulator uses low volt current to activate the muscle, just as the electrical pathway created at the neuromuscular junction.

Failure in muscle contraction can happen due to failure in any one of the components that is the brain sending the impulse, the nerve ending conveying the message, or the muscle responding. This where an external stimulator helps.

Using electrical stimulators for exercise

Electrical muscle stimulation or neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is an option for restoring muscle strength and tone in people undergoing physical therapy and are unable to exercise in the usual manner.

Muscle tone is usually achieved through physically exercising the muscle. The contraction occurs when it receives the message sent from the brain, through the spinal cord to the nerve ending. During the contraction the muscle breaks and it gets rebuilt during the relaxation. The rebuilding strengthens the muscle to accept further electric energy. The NMES by passes the entire the brain- spinal cord-nerve ending pathway and directly activates the muscle.

The NMES conducts the electrical currents at a very safe rate through a self-adhesive electrode to the motor points of the muscle that needs stimulation using low volt current to activate the muscle.

The national Skeletal Muscle research centre claims that the design of the NMES allows it to be specific to the patients need. This is achieved by adjusting the dial on the machine gradually until the patient feels current passing. Higher the muscle setting on the dial, faster is the contraction and relaxation. The electrical current emitted through the rubber contact pads, positioned over the muscles, causes the muscles to tighten as they are aroused by the electrical energy. This functions like passive exercise.

Does shoulder replacement surgery offer any real benefits?

A brief about shoulder replacement surgery

The shoulder joint is a ball and socket type of joint, highly flexible and has a good range of motion. With advancing age shoulder is most prone to wear and tear and shows complex anatomical changes like roughened edges, decrease in joint space, loss of flexibility and pain. This becomes an important reason to seek relief by getting an artificial prosthesis fixed or resorting to other alternatives to shoulder replacement surgery.

How is shoulder resurfacing done?

Shoulder resurfacing aims at restoration of natural tissue of the joint since it involves resection of the damaged part only instead of the entire joint. This does not only give higher results in bringing back all the shoulder functions but also imparts pain relief and thus becomes one of the tried and tested procedure to be done by many physicians. 

What are the benefits of resurfacing?

As an alternative to shoulder replacement, the resurfacing is least invasive and non traumatic to the patient. By preserving the normal joint articulations, it enables patient to perform all functional movements. Not only this, the patients with osteoporosis or deformed bones can also undergo this procedure. The surgery can be revised as and when required and doesn’t carry the fatal risk of fat embolism.

State-of-the-art disc replacement device introduced by BYU Professors

Disc replacement surgery

A disc can be a source of variety of complication to spine and structures surrounding the spine. Whenever this happens there is an immediate need for removal of disc to prevent the other vertebrae and provide relief to patient from pain and disc symptoms. In such a case, the disc is removed partially or completely and an artificial disc is implanted in between two vertebrae. This is a highly complex method but improves spine functions. Spinal fusion is done where two spine bones are fused with each other to become one but this itself demand cascading and is not a proven treatment.

Why is disc replacement done?

Lumbar disc replacement surgery in Houston is chiefly done to serve the following purposes:

•          Improve spinal mobility.
•          Attenuate pain.
•          Release muscle spasm and stiffness.
•          Maintain appropriate spaces between to vertebras.
•          Prevent disc degenerative disease.
•          Retard spondylosis.
•          Prevent osteoporosis.

What consists of a new disc replacement device by BYU Professors?

While the BYU professors were working towards a new replacement device, their primary focus was to keep the normal and healthy function of the spine intact. They carried out experiments on cadaver spines to ensure working of new disc as natural body discs. It was found that not only this, the new device gave superior results over metal and plastic artificial discs. 

Are injections effective for knee arthritis?

A brief about Arthritis

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative condition of knee joint which advances with age and is characterized by weakening of bones, loss of movements, friction, pain and inflammation. 

What are the various kinds of injections?

·         Cortisone injections

·         Vissco supplementation

Working mechanism for injections

Hyaluronic injections 

Hyaluronic acid is normally present in the knee joint cavity to make the cartilage float and also acts as shock absorber of the joint cavity by preventing the bones from external stresses. These injections are given in a concentrated form and are injected directly into the joint cavity to improve lubrication and range of motion. Studies suggest that there was relief in pain to many patients but at the same time few patients also reported of adverse events like flare ups. This procedure is known as ‘vissco supplementation’.

Tips on becoming a good Caregiver

Caretakers are an important part of the life for those who are suffering from cancer. They provide physical, metal as well as emotional support to the patient. Caregivers maybe loved ones such as spouse, partner, family member or a friend. Usually they do not acquire care giving techniques, and do it out of love and compassion for the patient. Some of the chores according to Seattle wellness center of caregivers include,

•          Feeding, dressing and bathing the patient
•          Do everyday house chores
•          Keeping track of the medication of the patient
•          Making sure that the patient eats and sleeps properly on time
•          Drive the patient to and from the doctor, also keep track of the appointments
•          Discuss the patient’s condition and progress with the health care team
•          Help patient live a normal life

How to become a good care giver

Even though care givers are not usually trained, a few steps if followed can help a care giver excel in his/ her duties. A good care giver is basically a person who is aware of all the developments of the patient’s condition and helps to give maximum comfort.

•          Keep the patient involved in all the decision making process. In case the patient is making improper choices, inform him of his actions and their consequences.
•          Set limits regarding a few actions such as, set limits regarding the talk about his cancer. Too much talk about the disease can end up into depression
•          Take care of your own needs. While taking care of the patient, do not sideline your needs and wants
•          Don’t try to meet every need of the patient by yourself. Reach out to others, be in constant touch with the health care team who shall be able to provide you with some relief

How to prevent sports injuries

What is a sports injury?

There are various outdoor and indoor sports involving young and active athletes. These young sportsmen come across a variety of risks which may compromise the bone and muscle strength due to thrusts, fall, a hit by a co player or ball, a jolt or twisting of leg, ankle etc. Whenever there is an injury to the body in the ground premises while playing a sport, it is referred to as a sports injury. Such type of injuries include fractures of big and small bones, ACL ligament tear, tendon ruptures, meniscal tears and joint instabilities which are best treated well trusted sports medicine doctor at theNew York center.

General guidelines for an injury free athlete

An examination before participation

A wellness certificate the doctor stating the fitness of the individual for the sport he wants to play is always beneficial to identify any disease which the patient may not be aware and prevent a medical emergency during sport.

Follow rules of sport

Rules of the sport are designed to encourage safety of athletes. It is beneficial to follow rules of conduct like illegal blocks and tackles for safe participation.

How Affordable Care Act Saves Lives from Cancer

The advances in medical technology have opened up numerous treatment options for all and the health care we are receiving now can be deemed as the best. However the number of people who can afford the type of care they need the most is becoming lesser and lesser. Cancer patients and survivors are finding it increasingly hard to afford treatment costs at their preferred cancer treatment center because they are denied coverage on grounds of certain preexisting conditions. To completely receive the care they need, these individuals have to pay more than what they can afford. They pay for treatments, follow-up care, screenings and other lifesaving interventions that their health insurance does not cover. The Affordable Care Act is a measure that has been introduced to meaningfully improve the health care system for people touched by cancer and it is based on making healthcare more available, affordable, and adequate for all.

What is The Affordable Care Act?

The Affordable Care Act is a health care law that focuses on enhancing the current health care system by increasing access to health coverage and bringing in new protections for Americans who have life insurance. Many a time, patients do not receive the coverage they need the most from insurance companies, leading to health compromises and increased treatment costs. The major goal of the act is to put American consumers back in charge of their medical care and health insurance coverage.

Many individuals live in a constant fear of losing their health coverage if they happen to face a job loss. Sickness or limitations on the amount of care their health plan covers are factors that can have your coverage canceled. A few others who are satisfied with their coverage can also face similar issues if they are diagnosed with cancer. The Affordable Care Act improves the cost and quality of health care for people with a risk for cancer and those with cancer in the United States. The law benefits cancer patients, their families, and survivors of the disease.

Law Highlights

• The Affordable Care Act forbids insurance companies from denying coverage to individuals with pre-existing conditions. This ensures your loved ones get the care they need. The guarantee is backed by the requirement that all Americans purchase insurance.

• The Act will not permit insurance plans to place lifetime coverage caps. This law will soon ban annual limits and hence offer patients assurance that coverage will not abruptly end because of caps.

• Insurance companies cannot refuse health care coverage to children with pre-existing conditions.

• The Act ensures that consumers can compare plans by price and quality and that all plans sold in the health benefit exchanges cover needed benefits.

• The law guarantees coverage of preventive care, such as colonoscopies and mammograms, and greatly minimizes the costs to patients for many services in all new health plans. There are no deductibles or co-pays for preventive services under Medicare.

While the argument on reforming health care is still ongoing, the benefits of the Affordable Care Act will have a positive impact on the lives of those fighting against cancer.

Treatment for Incontinence

Once children begin understanding their body’s natural processes, it is very natural for parents to give them potty training. However, we come across many children who encounter the problems of bed wetting. This can not only happen with kids but also with adults of any age group. It’s basically an inability to control the urine in the urinary bladder till the time the individual is in a position to pass urine. In medical terms, this illness is termed as Incontinence.

The reasons why incontinence occurs could be physiological, psychological, or pathological.That is why the treatment for incontinence depends solely on the cause diagnosed. The specificity of the treatment also depends on the severity of the symptoms and the extent to which they interfere in the individual’s lifestyle. Medications, retraining, and surgery are amongst the common therapies that are used for such patients.

Some individuals recover very easily by making simple changes in their lifestyle and daily habits. Medical science has even invented devices that can be used for treating those bladders that are overactive and lose sensations. Even in worse case scenarios, surgical options have been a blessing to fight with the problems of incontinence. These days a number of medicines have come up that help in increasing the sphincter or pelvic muscle strength so that the bladder relaxes and is able to hold urine in more quantity.

Wound healing in diabetes

In the modern times, many people suffer from diabetes, but most of them are not even aware that they are afflicted by this condition. They assume that it is only a sugar disorder. But in fact diabetes is a consequence of carbohydrate metabolism disorder, which generally affects individuals to be predisposed to diabetes.  Such individuals are characterized by inadequate production or utilization of insulin which results in excessive amount of glucose being generated in the blood and urine.  This simultaneously leads to excessive thirst and weight loss. In some cases it also leads to a destruction of small blood vessels which sometimes creates complicationssuch as infection and gangrene of the limbs and even blindness.

Injuries are a common phenomenon that affects most people. But if a person is diabetic then no matter how small or superficial the wound is, it must be treated immediately. The reason for this is that diabetes is a chronic disease and the body cannot use the sugar or glucose in the way that it should. This is what causes complications and does not allow wounds to heal as it would have in a normal person.

So if a diabetic person happens to stub his or her toe, or get a blister from a tight shoeor a cut on his chin while shaving, then proper treatment is a must because wound healing in diabetes is a very serious issue. However small the wound is, it should be taken care of immediately or else even the smallest of wounds can get infected if the bacteria are allowed to build up after injury.One must always clean the wound, see the doctor, and keep pressure off the wound as it heals.

What is meant by TMJ?

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) lies between the lower and upper jaw, and has a unique ball and socket action. The TMJ is necessary for comfortable working of our jaws. It helps in voluntary and involuntary actions such as opening and closing of our jaws. However, when the muscle is weak,this process can be very painful. Sometimes habits of chewing too much can also cause this pain. Another problem is cradling the phone between the shoulder and ear area. Wear and tear of this joint can cause a lot of pain. In case you have pain due to TMJ, do contact your nearest physical therapy center in NJ for a complete check up.

TMJ and its symptoms

When there is a problem with TMJ, there will be pain in the facial area and adjoining part. There can be problems with ear resulting in vertigo and locked jaw. Pain in the ear as well as the head is common. People report of a clicking sound in the jaw area. Toothaches too are common. Dizziness along with migraine is may also be caused. Patients also develop a habit of clearing their throat. There is resistance in involuntary actions related to jaw, especially while closing or opening the mouth.

What can cause TMJ?

Grinding of teeth is known as bruxism. This is generally a nervous habit and may lead to TMJ disorder. Due to fracture or even trauma due to an accident or injury this problem is highlighted. Biting nails or chewing gum is also one of the reasons. Dentures can cause problems especially if the alignment is not perfect. Incorrect implant or filling too may cause TMJ disorders. Any stiffness in the neck or shoulder or pain in these regions can cause TMJ symptoms. More pain is felt during the cold season.

Understanding neuropathy due to diabetes

This is a very common complication for those people who suffer from diabetes. Diabetes neuropathy refers to the damage to the nerves which causes a person to be unable to feel any sensations such as the feeling of pain. Diabetes damage can attack certain nerves in the nerve system. The effect is related to blood sugar levels which remain too high for too long a period of time.

Causes

Nerve injuries are caused by decreased blood flow and high blood sugar levels. They are more likely to develop if blood sugar levels are not well controlled .About half of people with diabetes will develop nerve damage.

Clinical manifestation of symptoms

Symptoms often develop slowly depending on the nerves that are affected.

•          Problem in digesting food
•          Feeling full after eating  a small amount of food
•          Nausea, constipation, or diarrhea
•          Throwing up food you have eaten a few hours after a meal
•          Burning in the arms and legs (toes and feet)
•          Deep pain in limbs
•          Have a fast heart rate
•          Sexual problems
•          Bladder problems.
•          A lack of reflexes in the ankle
•          A loss of feeling in the feet
•          Changes in the skin
•          Drop in blood pressure when you stand up after sitting or lying down

Looking for a leg pain treatment center?

Leg pain may arise due arthritis at hip or knee, nerve problems like sciatica, weakening of leg muscles or any ligamentous or tendon tears. Expert health professionals at leg pain treatment center make it a worthy choice if you are suffering from any pain and disability associated with hip, thigh, knee or leg. For Houston, TX residents suffering from leg pain, a visit to the local leg pain treatment center can be helpful.

Common problems giving rise to leg pain

Obesity

It is not an uncommon condition these days. Overweight people complain of pain in legs as the muscles and joints are not strong enough to bear the body weight and hence the body experiences pain and fatigue.

Injuries and trauma

Any fall, accident, a sudden hit or twisting injury can lead to pain which is often associated with soft tissues like bulky muscles of the leg and thigh, or trauma to bones and small tendons, ligaments etc attached to it.

Osteoarthritis

It’s a commonest painful knee condition in the elderly. It results due to excessive load bearing on the knees making the articular surfaces of the knees to get damaged over a period of time. This causes friction between thigh bone and leg bone and results in pain, inability to do routine work and deformity in extreme conditions.

Uses of electrical muscle stimulator

What is a stimulator?

The name defines neuro muscular electric muscle stimulation which is primarily evoking of muscle contractions through a device which generates artificial impulses but very similar impulses with action potential in a normal human body. This is a tailor made device, user friendly and has a variety of frequencies, time values and intensity to which the muscle response is higher and a good output is given. 

Understanding basic working

The basics of working mechanism rely on the placement of electrodes and setting of frequency depending upon the location and kind of skeletal muscle to be stimulated. The muscle responds best when the electrodes are kept directly on the skin over the middle muscle fibers. Electrodes by wires are connected in the channels of the device. The electrical muscle stimulator induces electric pulses, generates action potential and muscle contraction takes place.  A time gap is also given for relaxation of muscle in between to prevent fatigue and so that muscle can contract all over again.

When is an EMS given?

·         Any trauma to muscle itself.

·         Post operative progressive muscle weakening.

·         Prolonged bed rest after surgery.

·         Nerve injuries in adults due to crutch use, or damage to facial nerve.

·         Sports people

·         After fractures to build muscle strength.